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Terminologies and Tools Used for Internet Part 1

The following basic terminologies and tools ar used for Internet.

1. The Server

The computer that provides the information to user on the network is called server. Usually a large computer is used as server. Web servers are connected to the Internet 24 hours a day. The server receives requests from different users and provides them information. The server also stores the information and controls all the users that are connected to it.

2. The Web server

A Web server stores Web pages or files and sends information over the Internet in response of request from the Web browser. In 1992, there were only 26 Web servers in the world, to publish Web Pages. Now-a-days millions of Web servers that are providing these services are on Internet.

You can also set up your own Web server. The Web server software are available to set up a computer as Web server. Your computer should be a powerful computer and permanently connected to the Internet.

3. The Client

The tools and programs through which the user gets information from server as well as sends information to other users through server is called Client. Usually the personal computer and Browser programs are used to get information from the server.

4. The Hosts

The computers that are connected to the Internet and exchange information between users on the Internet are called Hosts. There is no central computer on the Internet but there are millions of Host computers that can both send and receive information to and from other Hosts connected to the Internet. In this way, each Host on the Internet behaves both as a server and as a Client.

5. The Web Browser

A web browser or simply a browser is application software that allows the Internet user to access and view web pages on the Internet. The process to receive the information of web page from server on the Internet is called downloading. The download process takes few seconds. This time depends on the speed of your Internet connection and the size of graphics that a web page contains. Many web browsers are available but the most commonly used web browsers are Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator.

The mobile devices such as cellular telephones and PDAs use a special type of browser, called a micro browser, which is designed for their small screens. Many web sites design web pages specially for display on a micro browser.

6. The Internet Protocols

The Internet Protocols are set of defined rules and procedures (or software programs) used for communication through which Internet users exchange information on the network. The first protocol was developed in early 1970s for data communication on network and was named as Network Control Protocol (NCP). Now-a-days, the commonly used protocols are;

7. The Web Page

The documents on the Web are also called Web pages and are stored on computers (Web servers) that are permanently connected to the Internet. The process to store your Web page the Web server is called Publishing or Uploading.

Similarly, retrieving Web document from server to client computer is called downloading. Most Web pages are stored on the Web servers or HTTP servers but these can also be stored on different servers e.g. FTP servers or Intranets etc.

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